第十节 美国总领事带队宣讲签证“秘诀”（上）
USE'D WITH THE PERMIS'SION OF BEIJING YOU'TH DAI'LY:
经《北京青年报》允许转载：
Con'sul Gen'eral Da'vid Hopper at Peking U`niver'sity (Part One)
美国总领事带队宣讲签证“秘诀”（上）。
(March 14, 2000) La'st Tues'day a`fternoon' Con'sul Gen'eral Da'vid Hopper, the head of vi'sa op`era'tions at the Ame'rican Em'bassy, came to Peking U`niver'sity with three oth'er vi'sa of'ficers to explain' the "se'crets" of apply'ing for a US stu'dent vi'sa, and were wel'comed by the stu'dents.
(3月14日)上周二下午,美国驻华使馆总领事贺德炜先生(DavidHopper)带着三名签证官，一行四人来到北京大学，向大学生们宣讲申请赴美留学签证的"秘诀"，受到大学生们的欢迎。
They will go to Qinghua and People's U`niver'sity in the near fu'ture.
近期他们还将到清华大学、人民大学及其他大学去宣讲。
In the pa'st, vi'sa of'ficers have seemed ra'ther myster'ious and co'ld.
过去，签证官在人们心目中似乎有种神秘感。
They ho'ld the pow'er to gra'nt or deny' you a vi'sa -- they say yes and you get a vi'sa, they say no and you are re'ject`ed.
他手中操着签证的生杀大权，说给你就给你，说不给就不给。
There is noth'ing you can do about' it; sep'ara`ted from them by a gla'ss win'dow, you can'not` make bus'y offici'als stop and lis'ten to your ex`plana'tion.
你真是奈何不了他；隔着签证处的玻璃，想多说几句人家也没功夫听。
This time the Ame'ricans came out from behi'nd their gla'ss wall to talk to stu'dents face to face, and the offici'als' frien'dliness was imme'diately appar'ent.
这次可好了，签证官们从玻璃窗后走了出来，与学生们面对面交谈，让人顿觉几分亲切。
What ques'tions do vi'sa of'ficers have in mi'nd when they face a stu'dent apply'ing for a vi'sa?
你想知道签证官面对一个申请签证的学生时脑子里想的是什么吗？
Here is the gist of what Mr.Hopper explain'ed:
贺德炜先生做了解释，以下是他讲话的要点。
1. Are you a gen'u`ine stu'dent, head'ed to the US for the pur'pose of stud'ying?
1.你是个真心想去美国读书的学生吗？
Som'e ap'plicants use fake doc'uments, or have no real inten'tion of atten'ding col'lege in Ame'rica -- the whole proj'ect` is just a ruse to get to the US.
由于有的申请者提供伪造的文件，还有人并非真的想去读书，只是把申请留学生签证作为去美国的一种途径。
The of'ficers look close'ly at I-20 forms, diplo'mas and school rec'ord`s for ev'idence of fraud.
因此签证官要仔细审核I-20表格、毕业证书、学业成绩，查找破绽。
2. Can you pay for your stud'ies?
2.你有钱付学费吗？
Som'e ap'plicants have full schol'arships, but man'y are self-suppor'ting, in whole or in part, so the vi'sa of'ficer must make sure the mon'ey is avai'lable.
有的学生有全额奖学金，但也有很多学生是自费(全部自费或部分自费)，签证官需要确认你所声称的这笔钱是否真能为你所用。
3. Are you rea'lly going to Ame'rica to stud'y and o'nly to stud'y, not to work?
3.你去美国的目的仅仅是去上学而不是去工作吗？
(The prob'lem here is work a'fter grad`ua'tion, not part-time cam'pus jobs while the stu'dent is in an ac`adem'ic pro'gram`.)
(此处的工作是指毕业后工作，而并非指上学期间领取奖学金的学生在校内所做的业余工作)。
Do you intend' to leave the US when you have your degree'?
在你学业完成后能马上离开美国吗？
Of course this is quite dif'ficult to prove to the vi'sa of'ficer, and cor`respon'dingly dif'ficult for the vi'sa of'ficer to judge.
这一点对于申请者如何拿出"证据"是个难事，对于签证官做出判断也是个难事，
But the vi'sa of'ficer can'not` sim'ply ignore' U.S. vi'sa law, which states that if you giv'e a per'son a stu'dent vi'sa, you must be convin'ced that he intend's to leave the US when his stud'ies are fin'ished.
但是签证官又不能无视签证法律。签证法规定：如果签证官向某人发放学生签证，此人就必须使签证官相信他在完成学业后“打算”回国。
How do we assure' our`sel'ves that the ap'plicant has such an "inten'tion"?
那么，如何确认学生有这种"打算"呢？
First of all, we lis'ten to what you say.
首先，要听你怎么说。
The vi'sa of'ficer will try to move you away' from prepare'd speeches.
签证官会尽力把你从有所准备的套话中引开。
We need to know what your a'nswers are, not what som'eone` else advise'd you to say.
我们想听的是你自己的回答，而不是别人教给你的话。
What is your career' plan?
你的事业蓝图是什么？
Why are you going to Ame'rica?
你为什么要去美国读书？
What do you plan to stud'y there?
你在那儿想学什么？
What plans do you have for a'fter grad`ua'tion?
完成学业后你打算做什么？
We know how dif'ficult it is for a stu'dent to have a clear i`dea' of what he means to do a'fter recei'ving his US diplo'ma.
我们知道，要准确地预料毕业后的事情是很不容易的。
If you are not sure, just tell us you are not sure.
如果你不清楚，就直说不清楚。
The admis'sion will giv'e grea'ter cred`ibil'ity to your oth'er a'nswers.
坦率的承认会使签证官觉得你诚实可信。
We are not look'ing for cer'tainty, but for ev'idence that you've giv'en ser'ious thought to the mat'ter:
我们并非要得到一个十分确切的答案，我们要看的是你是否认真考虑了这一问题：
Do you have a plan or am`bit'ion of som'e sort?
你对未来是否有计划或是有某种雄心？
Is it belie'vable in the Chi`nese' con'text`?
这一计划在中国的现状背景下是否可信？
If you tell us that you mean to stud'y a subject' that appear's of no use in Chi'na, then what are we to think?
如果你去美国所学的课程在中国派不上用场，那我们该会怎么想呢？
But if you can explain' how what you learn will be use'ful` in Chi'na in the years to com'e, that will help you to qual'ify` for a vi'sa.
如果你能解释清楚所学内容今后在中国如何有用，那就有助于你在签证官的眼中成为有资格获取签证的人。
Anoth'er thing we look at is your cur'rent situa'tion in Chi'na.
我们要看的另一方面是你目前在国内的现状，
What fam'ily do you have here -- and abroad'?
你的家庭成员(国内的与海外的)都有谁？
What do your par'ents do for a living?
父母做什么工作？
Do they oc'cupy` posit'ions in gov'ernment, in'dustry, com'merce` or ed`uca'tion from which they can assist' you when you return' from Ame'rica?
他们在政府机关、工商企业、教育界所任的职务在你回国后是否对你有帮助？
We are al'so` interested in your fam'ily's fi`nan'cial situa'tion.
我们对你家庭的经济状况也感兴趣。
If your fam'ily can afford' to send you to the U.S. to stud'y and are doing well in Chi'na, we are like'ly to believe' that you too will pros'per a'fter you com'e back.
如果你的家庭现在就能供你去美国上大学，父母在国内事业开展得不错，我们也就容易相信你回国后事业也能有成。
On the oth'er hand, if your fam'ily has no mon'ey and you are bor'rowing thou'sands of dol'lars to fi'nan`ce your U.S. ed`uca'tion, it will be more dif'ficult to persuade' us that you intend' to com'e right back to Chi'na a'fter fin'ishing your stud'ies.
如果你是借了数千美元去美国上学，那我们就很难相信你在毕业后能马上回国。
Where are you going to get the mon'ey to repay' those loans?
你将去哪儿挣钱还借款呢？
There is no one thing that deter'mines wheth'er we gra'nt a vi'sa or not.
没有哪种单一的条件让我们决定给签证还是不给，
We consid'er all the fac'tors in com'ing to what we hope is a sound decis'ion.
我们会综合考虑申请人的全部情况而做出审慎的决定。
We don't claim that our decis'ions are per'fect.
不能说我们的决定就是完美无缺的，
We work fa'st because' we have to: in'terview` time is nec'essarily short.
我们的工作速度很快，这是不得已的，因为面谈时间很短。
But we al'way`s try to make the best decis'ion we can.
但我们总是力图做出尽可能正确的决定。
If you are denie'd a vi'sa, please lis'ten care'fully to what the vi'sa of'ficer tells you.
如果你被拒签了，要仔细听签证官对你所说的话。
For exa'mple, if he says, "I'm not sure of your fi'nan`ces," then the next time you com'e, bring new informa'tion that shows where your mon'ey is from.
比如，如果签证官说你经济来源不清，下次来时就要带上说明钱的出处的文件；
If the of'ficer says, "I'm sor'ry but I'm not convin'ced that you intend' to com'e back," think about' your plan again' and fig'ure out how to explain' it more clear'ly and persua'sively; then re`apply'.
如果签证官说你无法让人信服你毕业后就回国，那就仔细想想在向签证官解释你的蓝图时如何更清晰、更有说服力，然后再申请签证。
If you com'e back a sec'ond time and say sim'ilar things, you will prob'ably get the same respon'se.
如果第二次来时你的材料无任何变化，结果恐怕还是一样的。
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